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The classroom’s getting an upgrade this school year with new software like Class tools and hardware like Chromebooks, Chromebook Plus and Chromebox OPS.The classroom’s getting an upgrade this school year with new software like Class tools and hardware like Chromebooks, Chromebook Plus and Chromebox OPS.

Along with Gemini in Classroom's new AI tools for education, we're announcing more than 50 new features in Google ClassroomAlong with Gemini in Classroom's new AI tools for education, we're announcing more than 50 new features in Google Classroom

Learn more about expanded access to Google Vids for all education users, and Gemini in Classroom, a new suite of no-cost AI tools available for educators.Learn more about expanded access to Google Vids for all education users, and Gemini in Classroom, a new suite of no-cost AI tools available for educators.

We’re announcing Gemini for Education, plus more AI tools for students and educators.We’re announcing Gemini for Education, plus more AI tools for students and educators.

This Debian-based Linux distro is an overlooked and user-friendly gem  ZDNet

"Earth's ozone layer blocks the Sun's shortest wave radiation, called UV-C, which is so damaging to cells in high doses that it's a go-to sterilizer in hospitals," writes Slashdot reader sciencehabit. "UV-C is such a killer, in fact, that scientists have questioned whether life can survive on worlds that lack an ozone layer, such as Mars or distant exoplanets. "But research published this month in Astrobiology suggests one hardy lichen, a hybrid organism made of algae and fungi, may have cracked the UV-C code with a built-in sunscreen, despite never experiencing these rays in its long evolutionary history." Science magazine explains: When scientists brought a sample of the species, the common desert dweller Clavascidium lacinulatum, back to the lab, graduate student Tejinder Singh put the lichen through the wringer. First, Singh dehydrated the lichen, to make sure it couldn't grow back in real time and mask any UV damage. Then he placed the lichen a few centimeters under a UV lamp and blasted it with radiation. The lichen seemed just fine. So Singh purchased the most powerful UV-C lamp he could find online, capable of sending out 20 times more radiation than the amount expected on Mars. When he tested the lamp on the most radiation-resistant life form on Earth, the bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans, it died in less than a minute. After 3 months—likely the highest amount of UV-C radiation ever tested on an organism—Singh pulled the sample so he could finish his master's thesis in time. About half of the lichen's algal cells had survived. Then, when the team ground up and cultured part of the surviving lichen, about half of its algal cells sprouted new, green colonies after 2 weeks, showing it maintained the ability to reproduce. The species may provide a blueprint for surviving on Mars or exoplanets, which don't have an ozone layer to protect them.

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

Windows loses 400 million users as mobile, Linux, and Mac use grows  TechSpot

AMD Instinct Accelerators With So Much vRAM Have Exposed Linux Hibernation Issues  Phoronix

It's Now Been Three Months Since The Last AerynOS Release  Phoronix

"Canada and the United States have resumed trade negotiations," reports Newsweek, "after Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney agreed to rescind the country's digital services tax on U.S. technology companies." The development follows President Donald Trump's announcement on Friday that he was suspending all trade talks with Canada "effective immediately" over the tax policy... Canada's quick reversal signals the high stakes involved in maintaining trade relationships with the United States, particularly given the countries' deeply integrated economies. Carney's office confirmed on Sunday that both leaders have agreed to restart negotiations after Canada committed to abandoning the 3 percent levy targeting major U.S. tech giants including Amazon, Google, Meta, Uber, and Airbnb. The tax was scheduled to take effect Monday and would have applied retroactively, creating an estimated $2 billion bill for American companies. The conflict escalated rapidly after Canada's Finance Department confirmed Friday that companies would still be required to make their first digital tax payments Monday, despite ongoing negotiations. The tax targeted revenue generated from Canadian users rather than corporate profits, making it particularly burdensome for technology companies operating internationally... Canada's decision to rescind the tax came "in anticipation" of reaching a broader trade agreement, according to government officials. With negotiations resuming, both countries will likely focus on addressing broader trade issues beyond the digital services tax.

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

Linux Foundation Strengthens Cloud Leadership  Open Source For You

Switching From Desktop Linux To FreeBSD  Hackaday

Mitch Kapor dropped out of MIT's business school in 1979 — and had soon cofounded the pioneering spreadsheet company Lotus. He also cofounded the EFF, was the founding chair of the Mozilla Foundation, and is now a billionaire (and an VC investor at Kapor Capital). 45 years later, when the 74-year-old was invited to give a guest lecture at MIT's business school last year by an old friend (professor Bill Aulet), he'd teased the billionaire that "there's only one problem, Mitch, I see here you haven't graduated from MIT." The Boston Globe tells the story... After graduating from Yale in 1971 and bouncing around for almost a decade as "a lost and wandering soul," working as a disc jockey, a Transcendental Meditation teacher, and a mental health counselor, Kapor said he became entranced by the possibilities of the new Apple II personal computer. He started writing programs to solve statistics problems and analyze data, which caught the attention of Boston-area software entrepreneurs Dan Bricklin and Bob Frankston, who co-created VisiCalc, one of the first spreadsheet programs. They introduced Kapor to their California-based software publisher, Personal Software. Midway through Kapor's 12-month master's program, the publisher offered him the then-princely sum of about $20,000 if he'd adapt his stats programs to work with VisiCalc. To finish the project, he took a leave from MIT, but then he decided to leave for good to take a full-time job at Personal. Comparing his decision to those of other famed tech founder dropouts, like Bill Gates, Kapor said he felt the startup world was calling to him. "It was just so irresistible," he said. "It felt like I could not let another moment go by without taking advantage of this opportunity or the window would close...." When Aulet made his joke on the phone call with his old friend in 2024, Kapor had largely retired from investing and realized that he wanted to complete his degree. "I don't know what prompted me, but it started a conversation" with MIT about the logistics of finally graduating, Kapor said. By the time Kapor gave the lecture in March, Aulet had discovered Kapor was only a few courses short. MIT does not give honorary degrees, but school officials allow students to make up for missing classes with an independent study and a written thesis. Kapor decided to write a paper on the roots and development of his investing strategy. "It's timely, it's highly relevant, and I have things to say," he said. One 77-page thesis later, Kapor, donning a cap and gown, finally received his master's degree in May, at a ceremony in the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Cambridge, not far from where he founded Lotus.

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

"Researchers are embarking on an ambitious project to construct human genetic material from scratch," reports the Guardian, "to learn more about how DNA works and pave the way for the next generation of medical therapies." Scientists on the Synthetic Human Genome (SynHG) project will spend the next five years developing the tools and knowhow to build long sections of human genetic code in the lab. These will be inserted into living cells to understand how the code operates. Armed with the insights, scientists hope to devise radical new therapies for the treatment of diseases. Among the possibilities are living cells that are resistant to immune attack or particular viruses, which could be transplanted into patients with autoimmune diseases or with liver damage from chronic viral infections. "The information gained from synthesising human genomes may be directly useful in generating treatments for almost any disease," said Prof Jason Chin, who is leading the project at the MRC's Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB) in Cambridge... For the SynHG project, researchers will start by making sections of a human chromosome and testing them in human skin cells. The project involves teams from the universities of Cambridge, Kent, Manchester, Oxford and Imperial College London... Embedded in the project is a parallel research effort into the social and ethical issues that arise from making genomes in the laboratory, led by Prof Joy Zhang at the University of Kent. "We're a little way off having anything tangible that can be used as a therapy, but this is the time to start the discussion on what we want to see and what we don't want to see," said Dr Julian Sale, a group leader at the LMB.

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

The Wall Street Journal reports that "consumers have less trust in offerings labeled as being powered by artificial intelligence, which can reduce their interest in buying them, researchers say." The effect is especially pronounced for offerings perceived to be riskier buys, such as a car or a medical-diagnostic service, say the researchers, who were from Washington State University and Temple University. "When we were thinking about this project, we thought that AI will improve [consumers' willingness to buy] because everyone is promoting AI in their products," says Dogan Gursoy, a regents professor of hospitality business management at Washington State and one of the study's authors. "But apparently it has a negative effect, not a positive one." In multiple experiments, involving different people, the researchers split participants into two groups of around 100 each. One group read ads for fictional products and services that featured the terms "artificial intelligence" or "AI-powered," while the other group read ads that used the terms "new technology" or "equipped with cutting-edge technologies." In each test, members of the group that saw the AI-related wording were less likely to say they would want to try, buy or actively seek out any of the products or services being advertised compared with people in the other group. The difference was smaller for items researchers called low risk — such as a television and a generic customer-service offering... Meanwhile, a separate, forthcoming study from market-research firm Parks Associates that used different methods and included a much larger sample size came to similar conclusions about consumers' reaction to AI in products. "We straight up asked consumers, 'If you saw a product that you liked that was advertised as including AI, would that make you more or less likely to buy it?' " says Jennifer Kent, the firm's vice president of research. Of the roughly 4,000 Americans in the survey, 18% said AI would make them more likely to buy, 24% said less likely and to 58% it made no difference, according to the study. "Before this wave of generative AI attention over the past couple of years, AI-enabled features actually have tested very, very well," Kent says.

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

The DistroWatch news feed is brought to you by TUXEDO COMPUTERS. This week in DistroWatch Weekly:
Review: AxOS 25.06 and 25.01, AlmaLinux OS 10.0
News: Ubuntu to boost Intel graphics performance, Fedora discusses dropping i686 packages, SDesk switches from SELinux to AppArmor
Questions and answers: Transferring Flatpak packages between computers
Released last week: postmarketOS 25.06, Escuelas Linux 8.12, IPFire 2.29 Core 195,....

What happens if you track how much heat enters Earth's atmosphere and how much heat leaves? You discover that Earth's energy budget "is now well and truly out of balance," three climate researchers write at The Conversation: Our recent research found this imbalance has more than doubled over the last 20 years. Other researchers have come to the same conclusions. This imbalance is now substantially more than climate models have suggested... These findings suggest climate change might well accelerate in the coming years... [T]he burning of coal, oil and gas has now added more than two trillion tonnes of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. These trap more and more heat, preventing it from leaving. Some of this extra heat is warming the land or melting sea ice, glaciers and ice sheets. But this is a tiny fraction. Fully 90% has gone into the oceans due to their huge heat capacity... The doubling of the energy imbalance has come as a shock, because the sophisticated climate models we use largely didn't predict such a large and rapid change. Typically, the models forecast less than half of the change we're seeing in the real world. We don't yet have a full explanation. But new research suggests changes in clouds is a big factor. Clouds have a cooling effect overall. But the area covered by highly reflective white clouds has shrunk, while the area of jumbled, less reflective clouds has grown. While we don't know why the cloud are changing, it "might be part of a trend caused by global warming itself, that is, a positive feedback on climate change. These findings suggest recent extremely hot years are not one-offs but may reflect a strengthening of warming over the coming decade or longer...." "We've known the solution for a long time: stop the routine burning of fossil fuels and phase out human activities causing emissions such as deforestation."

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

The Free Software Foundation is a non-profit — and they're having some fun with it. They've just announced a summer fundraiser, "and that means the GNU Press Shop is open!" From now until July 28, you can buy your FSF gear at the GNU Press shop. First and foremost, there's the launch of the FSF's fortieth anniversary shirt in a summery yellow. We're taking orders for a limited time for these (until July 28), and then printing them — you should have yours on your shoulders a few weeks after the shop closes. We've also restocked some favorites in the shop: - A fresh batch of the popular Ada & Zangemann: A Tale of Software, Skateboards, and Raspberry Ice Cream book by Matthias Kirschner from the Free Software Foundation Europe (FSFE). This tale of software, skateboards, and raspberry ice cream teaches kids how neat and exciting it is having control over your software, a perfect fun summer read! - Reading is hard in the glaring sun, so shade your eyes with a freshly restocked GNU baseball cap in pitch black with brilliant gold embroidery. These are great for wearing anywhere, especially to free software events. - For privacy, protect yourself from surveillance with ease and panache with this slick webcam guard. We also hope you'll consider becoming an FSF associate member, putting yourself at the heart of our commitment to ensuring a world where all software respects our freedom and dignity. Plus, you'll help us reach our summer fundraising goal of 200 new associate members before July 11, and of course you'll also receive a 20% discount at the GNU Press Shop. A note about shipping: the GNU Press shop opens periodically, and we collect all orders during this time and schedule orders to be sent out on specific shipping dates with the help of volunteers. We will be doing the shipping at the end of the FSF's fundraiser, which means there will be a delay between placing your order and receiving it... If you happen to be in the Boston area in July, and would like to support the FSF's work, we are looking for volunteers to help pack and ship our orders. Also on sale are the book "Free as in Freedom 2.0" (Richard Stallman's 2010 revision of the 2002 biography by Sam Williams with extensive additional commentary) and "Free Software Free Society: Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman" (the 3rd edition published in 2015). And there's also several other books, t-shirts, other FSF-branded gear, and even a sticker that warns people "There is no cloud... just other people's computers."

Read more of this story at Slashdot.

Linux 6.16-rc4 Released With AMD Cleaner Shader For More GPUs, Bcachefs Changes  Phoronix

An anonymous reader shared this report from the tech news site The Register: The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) and the National Security Agency (NSA) this week published guidance urging software developers to adopt memory-safe programming languages. "The importance of memory safety cannot be overstated," the inter-agency report says... The CISA/NSA report revisits the rationale for greater memory safety and the government's calls to adopt memory-safe languages (MSLs) while also acknowledging the reality that not every agency can change horses mid-stream. "A balanced approach acknowledges that MSLs are not a panacea and that transitioning involves significant challenges, particularly for organizations with large existing codebases or mission-critical systems," the report says. "However, several benefits, such as increased reliability, reduced attack surface, and decreased long-term costs, make a strong case for MSL adoption." The report cites how Google by 2024 managed to reduce memory safety vulnerabilities in Android to 24 percent of the total. It goes on to provide an overview of the various benefits of adopting MSLs and discusses adoption challenges. And it urges the tech industry to promote memory safety by, for example, advertising jobs that require MSL expertise. It also cites various government projects to accelerate the transition to MSLs, such as the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Translating All C to Rust (TRACTOR) program, which aspires to develop an automated method to translate C code to Rust. A recent effort along these lines, dubbed Omniglot, has been proposed by researchers at Princeton, UC Berkeley, and UC San Diego. It provides a safe way for unsafe libraries to communicate with Rust code through a Foreign Function Interface.... "Memory vulnerabilities pose serious risks to national security and critical infrastructure," the report concludes. "MSLs offer the most comprehensive mitigation against this pervasive and dangerous class of vulnerability." "Adopting memory-safe languages can accelerate modern software development and enhance security by eliminating these vulnerabilities at their root," the report concludes, calling the idea "an investment in a secure software future." "By defining memory safety roadmaps and leading the adoption of best practices, organizations can significantly improve software resilience and help ensure a safer digital landscape."

Read more of this story at Slashdot.